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AfricaFocus Bulletin

The last AfricaFocus Bulletin in this format was published on January 23, 2023.
It has been replaced by AfricaFocus Notes, now a blog on the substack platform.
Check it out at https://africafocus.substack.com

Special Series 2020
Beyond Eurocentrism and U.S. Exceptionalism
Starting Points for a Paradigm Shift from Foreign Policy to Global Policy
by William Minter and Imani Countess

January 23, 2023 Update from Editor on Future Plans
When President Barack Obama hosted his US-Africa Summit in August 2014, my roundups in AfricaFocus Bulletin featured critical analysis of the likely outcome and the issues that were likely to be ignored, as well as alternate viewpoints by civil society groups.

November 15, 2022 Africa/Global: "Daughter of Africa" Steps Up to Lead on Global Crises
At the climate summit in Egypt last week, President Biden pledged that the United States would take the lead on the climate crisis. But his speech was eclipsed the same day by a powerful call to action by Prime Minister Mia Mottley of Barbados.

October 25, 2022 Africa/Global: Remembering Valeriano Ferrão and Charles Sherrod
Valeriano Ferrão died in Maputo, Mozambique, on October 2, 2022, at the age of 83. Charles Sherrod died in Albany, Georgia, on October 11, 2022, at the age of 85. As far as I know, the two had never met. And they were very different people. But for me, they epitomize the shared values of solidarity and integrity that were central to the movements they represented.

October 10, 2022 AfricaFocus 3.0: Not ´A Nation of Immigrants´
Coming in 2023: AfricaFocus 3.0

July 20, 2022 Africa/Global: Oligarchs of All Nations
"Biden Concedes Defeat on Climate Bill as Manchin and Inflation Upend Agenda" - New York Times, July 16, 2022

More on: politics&human rights|peace&security|health|economy|ict

AfricaFocus Archive: by date | by place | by topic

June 9, 2022
    Africa/Global: Ukraine, Africa, and Our Planet
May 11, 2022
    Africa/Global: Debt, IFFs, and Inequality in Africa
April 21, 2022
    Africa/Global: Climate Put on Back Burner by War
March 25, 2022
    Africa/Global: Updates from AfricaFocus
January 19, 2022
    USA/Africa: Bronx Fire Devastates Gambian Community
December 23, 2021
    USA/Africa: Pandora Papers Keep Giving
November 23, 2021
    Africa/Global: From Climate Denial to Deceit and Delay
November 2, 2021
    Africa/Global: The Heat is On! Time to Act!
October 15 , 2021
    Africa/Global: Hardly a Dent in #VaccineApartheid
August 26, 2021
    Mozambique/Global: “Most Egregious Corruption Case of the 21st Century”
July 27, 2021
    USA/Global: Let Cuba Live!
July 27, 2021
    USA/Africa: Building Back Better? Or Not?
June 14, 2021
    USA/Global: Bad Days for Big Oil (except in the GOP)
May 31, 2021
    Mozambique/Global: Fossil Fuels, Debt, and Corruption
May 31, 2021
    Mozambique/Global: War, Intervention, and Solidarity
May 17, 2021
    Africa/Global: Decolonizing Medical Technology
May   3, 2021
    Africa/Global: African-Language Literature in Global Scholarship
April 19, 2021
    Confronting Global Apartheid Demands Global Solidarity
April 6, 2021
    Africa/Global: People's Vaccine vs. Vaccine Apartheid
March 22, 2021
    Sahel: Questioning Counterterrorism?
March 8, 2021
    USA/Global: Taxing the Tech Giants
February 22, 2021
    Africa/Global: The Inequality Virus

Africa News
Aug 27, 2025

more BBC Africa

Country News from AllAfrica.com

Algeria | Angola | Benin | Botswana
Burkina Faso | Burundi | Cameroon
Cape Verde | Central Afr. Rep.
Chad | Comoros | Congo (Brazzaville)
Congo (Kinshasa) | Côte d'Ivoire
Djibouti | Egypt | Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea | Ethiopia | Gabon | Gambia
Ghana | Guinea | Guinea-Bissau
Kenya | Lesotho | Liberia | Libya
Madagascar | Malawi | Mali | Mauritania
Mauritius | Morocco | Mozambique
Namibia | Niger | Nigeria | Rwanda
São Tomé | Senegal | Seychelles
Sierra Leone | Somalia | South Africa
Sudan | Swaziland | Tanzania | Togo
Tunisia | Uganda | Western Sahara
Zambia | Zimbabwe

AfricaFocus

¡°The same thing, my dear Traff¡ªat least, I trust so. The woman who hesitates is won.¡± ¡°I came to see if there was anything you wanted,¡± said Lilias, regarding Esmeralda with a frank admiration: she looked still more lovely in her evening dress. ¡°Oh, very,¡± she assented. ¡°I wonder what they are talking about?¡ªold times, I imagine¡ª Ah!¡± she broke off suddenly with the exclamation, and Trafford started. She stood perfectly motionless, her eyes meeting his steadily. ¡°To-morrow night!¡± he said, grimly. ¡°I must ride to Wally-Wally.¡± ¡°What¡¯s the matter?¡± asked Norman, whose masculine brain did not move as quickly as Esmeralda¡¯s. "You'll come al-long too?" she pleadingly asked. Having met with this repulse, Kannegiesser returned to Berlin with the report. Frederick William was exasperated in the highest degree by such treatment from a brother-in-law whom he both hated and despised. He had at his command an army in as perfect condition, both in equipment and drill, as Europe had ever seen. Within a week¡¯s time forty-four thousand troops, horse, foot, and artillery, were rendezvoused at Magdeburg. Fritz was there, looking quite soldierly on his proud charger, at the head of his regiment of the giant guard. Vigorously they were put upon the march. George II., who had already in his boyhood felt the weight of Frederick William¡¯s arm, and who well knew his desperate energy when once roused, was terrified. He had no forces in Hanover which could stand for an hour in opposition to the army which the Prussian king was bringing against him. Next morning was fine, a morning so bright and balmy that the month might have been mistaken for September. Isola ran down to the garden in her neat little morning frock and linen collar, and ran about among the shrubs and autumn flowers in a much gayer mood than that of yesterday. She loved her garden¡ªsmall and modest as it was in comparison with the grounds and gardens of her county neighbours¡ªand on a morning like this it was rapture to her to run from flower to flower, and from shrub to shrub, with her great garden scissors in her hand, and her garden basket hanging over her arm, clipping a withered leaf or a fading flower every here and there, or plucking up those little groundsel plants which seem the perpetual expression of the earth's fertility. There was only one other servant in the little household¡ª[Pg 28]a bouncing, rosy-cheeked Cornish girl, who was very industrious under Tabitha's eye, and very idle when she was out of that faithful housekeeper's ken. Tabitha cooked and took care of everything, and for the most part waited upon her mistress in this time of widowhood, although Susan was supposed to be parlour-maid. "My dear Mrs. Disney, do you usually walk as if for a wager?" asked a voice behind her. "I can generally get over the ground pretty fast, but it was as much as I could do to overtake you without running." "More excuse, perhaps, than a man of your age has for acting like a cad," said the colonel, turning upon his heel, and leaving Mr. Crowther to his reflections. in care of the secretary. The gentleman's name is not John Smith, left shoulder. It's blue and mahogany with little streaks of orange. The area of the convex surface of the frustum of a regular pyramid He spent the summer here once after he had been ill, when he through some woods and in at a barn window! The barn doors were all seven poems. Those I sent to the magazines all came back with the From the top of the observatory, where instruments, all out of order, are to be seen on the deserted terraces, a staircase in a half-circle of stonework leads straight up to the open sky, and there the eye is dazzled by the view of Benares, all spread out below: the vast city of yellow stone, the cupolas of its temples, and its palaces stretching far along the Ganges, which slowly rolls its milky green waters under a sky of almost pearly whiteness; and in the distance the grassy plain of bright emerald green, lost on the horizon that throbs with the heat. Everything was wrapped in a halo rather than a haze, faintly blue with the smoke that went up from the funeral piles of the Hindoo dead. Besides the flattering assurances of the steady improvement in commerce and manufactures, and, consequently, in the revenues, the Regent's Speech, read, as usual, by the Lord Chancellor, justly congratulated the country on the successful termination of the Pindarree war by the Marquis of Hastings. It informed the two Houses that a new treaty had been entered into with the United States for adjusting the different points at issue between the two nations, not settled by the treaty of peace, and also for regulating the commerce between them. It announced the results of the Congress at Aix-la-Chapelle, and stated that some new measures were needed for the care of his Majesty's person in consequence of the death of the queen. The Address, in both Houses, was carried almost pro forma. Mr. Manners Sutton was elected Speaker of the Commons by acclamation. But it was not till the days of Telford and Macadam that the system of road-making received its chief improvements. The reform in roads commenced in Scotland. Those which had been cut through the Highlands after the Rebellions of 1715 and 1745, chiefly under the management of General Wade, set the example, and showed the advantage of promoting communication, as well as of enabling the military to scour the mountains. In 1790 Lord Dare introduced the practice of laying out roads by the spirit-level, and they were conducted round hills instead of being carried over them. In 1802 a Board of Commissioners for Roads and Bridges in Scotland was established, and Thomas Telford was appointed the engineer. This able man had now a full opportunity for showing his knowledge of road-making. He laid out the new routes on easy inclines, shortened and improved the old routes by new and better cuttings, and threw bridges of an excellent construction over the streams. Where the bottom was soft or boggy he made it firm by a substratum of solid stones, and levelled the surface with stones broken small. Attention was paid to side-drains for carrying away the water, and little was left for the after-plans of Macadam. Yet Macadam has monopolised the fame of road-making, and little has been heard of Telford's improvements, although he was occasionally called in where Macadam could not succeed, because the latter refused to make the same solid bottom. This was the case in the Archway Road at Highgate. Macadam's main principle of road-making was in breaking his material small, and his second principle might be called the care which he exercised in seeing his work well done. For these services he received two grants from Parliament, amounting to ten thousand pounds, and the offer of knighthood, the latter of which he would not accept for himself, but accepted it for his eldest son. The advantages gained by milling, as stated, are speed, duplication, and accuracy; the disadvantages are the expense of preparing tools and their perishability. "In the circumstances in which we are placed it is necessary to retain the greatest possible tranquillity and calm. As I was still musing about the tragedy of this venerable personality in these hard days of war, the door was opened suddenly and his spare figure stood before me. It was a moment full of emotion, and perhaps I might not have recovered myself so quickly if the kind prelate had not met me with so much kindness. Besides the encouragement which it gave to kind offices between friends and neighbours, the Stoic doctrine of humanity and mutual love was honourably exemplified in Seneca¡¯s emphatic condemnation of the gladiatorial games and of the40 horrible abuses connected with domestic slavery in Rome.86 But we miss a clear perception that such abuses are always and everywhere the consequences of slavery; and the outspoken abolitionism of the naturalists alluded to by Aristotle does not seem to have been imitated by their successors in later ages.87 The most one can say is that the fiction of original liberty was imported into Roman jurisprudence through the agency of Stoic lawyers, and helped to familiarise men¡¯s minds with the idea of universal emancipation before political and economical conditions permitted it to be made a reality. Thus, so far as was possible in such altered circumstances, did the Renaissance of the second century reproduce the271 intellectual environment from which Plato¡¯s philosophy had sprung. In literature, there was the same attention to words rather than to things; sometimes taking the form of exact scholarship, after the manner of Prodicus; sometimes of loose and superficial declamation, after the manner of Gorgias. There was the naturalism of Hippias, elaborated into a system by the Stoics, and practised as a life by the new Cynics. There was the hedonism of Aristippus, inculcated under a diluted form by the Epicureans. There was the old Ionian materialism, professed by Stoics and Epicureans alike. There was the scepticism of Protagoras, revived by Aenesid¨ºmus and his followers. There was the mathematical mysticism of the Pythagoreans, flourishing in Egypt instead of in southern Italy. There was the purer geometry of the Alexandrian Museum, corresponding to the school of Cyr¨ºn¨º. On all sides, there was a mass of vague moral preaching, without any attempt to exhibit the moral truths which we empirically know as part of a comprehensive metaphysical philosophy. And, lastly, there was an immense undefined religious movement, ranging from theologies which taught the spirituality of God and of the human soul, down to the most irrational and abject superstition. We saw in the last chapter how, corresponding to this environment, there was a revived Platonism, that Platonism was in fact the fashionable philosophy of that age, just as it afterwards became the fashionable philosophy of another Renaissance thirteen centuries later. But it was a Platonism with the backbone of the system taken out. Plato¡¯s thoughts all centred in a carefully considered scheme for the moral and political regeneration of society. Now, with the destruction of Greek independence, and the absorption everywhere of free city-states into a vast military empire, it might seem as if the realisation of such a scheme had become altogether impracticable. The Republic was, indeed, at that moment realising itself under a form adapted to the altered exigencies of the time; but no Platonist could as yet recognise272 in the Christian Church even an approximate fulfilment of his master¡¯s dream. Failing any practical issue, there remained the speculative side of Plato¡¯s teaching. His writings did not embody a complete system, but they offered the materials whence a system could be framed. Here the choice lay between two possible lines of construction; and each had, in fact, been already attempted by his own immediate disciples. One was the Pythagorean method of the Old Academy, what Aristotle contemptuously called the conversion of philosophy into mathematics. We saw in the last chapter how the revived Platonism of the first and second centuries entered once more on the same perilous path, a path which led farther and farther away from the true principles of Greek thought, and of Plato himself when his intellect stood at its highest point of splendour. Neo-Pythagorean mysticism meant an unreconciled dualism of spirit and matter; and as the ultimate consequence of that dualism, it meant the substitution of magical incantations and ceremonial observances for the study of reason and virtue. Moreover, it readily allied itself with Oriental beliefs, which meant a negation of natural law that the Greeks could hardly tolerate, and, under the form of Gnostic pessimism, a belief in the inherent depravity of Nature that they could not tolerate at all. ¡°Yes,¡± he said very quietly for him. ¡°The jinx! The hoodoo. I think it¡¯s broken, though¡ªin fact, I know it is.¡± ¡°When did you last see it, wherever you had it?¡± asked the man from London, cool and practical. ¡°He never told me.¡±

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